DALF C1 Synthese Method Step by Step

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Step 2: Build a Two-Part or Three-Part Plan

Do not summarize Document 1, then Document 2, then Document 3. That is not a synthese. Instead, group ideas.

Common plans:

Plan type	Use when
Advantages / limits	The documents debate a policy or innovation
Causes / consequences	The documents explain a social problem
Observation / tension / solution	The documents discuss change and response
Economic / social / ethical	The documents look at the same issue from different angles

Your plan should be invisible but clear. The reader should feel the structure without seeing subtitles.

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The synthese penalizes copying. Train reformulation:

Source wording	Synthese wording
Les salaries se sentent isoles	L'isolement des employes constitue une limite
Les couts augmentent rapidement	La hausse des couts fragilise le modele
Les jeunes privilegient la flexibilite	Les nouvelles generations accordent davantage d'importance a la souplesse

Reformulation is not synonym hunting. It is changing sentence structure while preserving meaning.

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